Internet-enabled apparatus, system and methods for physically and virtually rendering three-dimensional objects

ABSTRACT

Three-dimensional object bridge between virtual and physical worlds. A method, system, apparatus and/or computer-usable medium includes steps of selecting a three-dimensional item in a first state for subsequent rendering into a second state and rendering the three-dimensional item in the second state via the three-dimensional rendering apparatus. An additional step of locating a three-dimensional rendering apparatus for rendering the three-dimensional item in a second state can be included. The three-dimensional rendering apparatus can be configured as a kiosk (manned or unmanned). Internet-enabled vending machine, and the like. The first state can comprise a virtual state and the second state can comprise a physical state. Likewise, the first state can comprise a physical state and the second state can comprise a virtual state. Additionally, the three-dimensional item/object can be mapped in the first state for rendering in the second state.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO PATENT APPLICATION

This patent application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 13/961,195 entitled “Internet-Enabled Apparatus, System andMethods for Physically and Virtually Rendering Three-DimensionalObjects,” which was filed on Aug. 7, 2013 and is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/961,195 in turn is a divisional ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/246,952 entitled “Internet-EnabledApparatus, System and Methods for Physically and Virtually RenderingThree-Dimensional Objects,” which was filed on Oct. 7, 2008 and isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This applicationtherefore traces and claims priority to the Oct. 7, 2008 filing date ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/246,952.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments are generally related to electronic kiosks, vending machinesand rapid-prototyping methods and systems. Embodiments are also relatedto mobile communications devices and web-based virtual environments.

BACKGROUND

Automatic vending machines and kiosks are utilized in a variety ofcommercial and non-commercial settings. A typical vending machine orkiosk is a device that provides various snacks, beverages and otherproducts to consumers. The concept is based on the sale of productswithout a cashier. Items sold via vending machines vary by country andregion. In many countries, vending machines generally serve the purposeof selling snacks and beverages, but are also common in busy locationsto sell a variety of items, from newspapers to portable consumerelectronics.

In Japan, for example, vending machines or kiosks are utilized quiteextensively. Due to population density, limited space, a preference forshopping on foot or by bicycle, low rates, of vandalism and petty crime,and a small and decreasing number of working-age people, there seems tobe no limit to what is sold by such vending machines. While the majorityof machines in Japan are stocked with drinks, snacks, and cigarettes,one occasionally finds vending machines selling items such as bottles ofliquor, cans of beer, fried food, underwear, MP3 players (i.e., AppleiPods™), magazines and so forth. Japan has the highest number of vendingmachines per capita, with about one machine for every 23 people.

One of the problems with modem vending machines/kiosks is the inabilityof such devices to provide customer-specified products on-demand. Avending machine user is limited to a selection of items available in thevending machine itself. For example, if a user desires to purchase aparticular type of item, the user must search a vending machine thatprovides that particular item. If there are no vending machinesavailable to provide that particular item, the user is then forced tofind an alternative source, such as visiting a store for that item. Themodern vending machine is thus a passive device that is limited to onlythose items stocked within the vending machine/kiosk.

Based on the foregoing it is believed that a need exists for an improvedapparatus, method, and/or system that overcomes the problems inherentwith such vending machines/kiosks. There is also a need for athree-dimensional product bridge between the physical and virtualworlds. Such an approach is disclosed in greater detail herein.

SUMMARY

The following summary is provided to facilitate an understanding of someof the innovative features unique to the embodiments disclosed and isnot intended to be a full description. A full appreciation of thevarious aspects of the embodiments can be gained by taking the entirespecification, claims, drawings, and abstract as a whole.

It is, therefore, one aspect of the present invention to providemethods, systems, and a computer-usable medium for rendering athree-dimensional object from a first state to a second state.

It is a further aspect of the present invention to provide for athree-dimensional rendering apparatus for rendering a three-dimensionalobject from a first state to a second state.

It is another aspect of the present invention to provide for anInternet-enabled manufacturing three-dimensional rendering apparatus,system, method and/or computer-usable medium.

It is yet another aspect of the present invention to provide for avending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal for manufacturing and dispensingan item.

It is still a further aspect of the present invention to provide for avending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal that is capable of recycling anitem manufactured and dispensed by the vending machine/unmannedkiosk/terminal.

The aforementioned aspects and other objectives and advantages can nowbe achieved as described herein.

A method, system, apparatus and/or computer-usable medium are disclosed,which involves selecting a three-dimensional item in a first state forsubsequent rendering into a second state; locating a three-dimensionalrendering apparatus for rendering the three-dimensional item in a secondstate; and rendering the three-dimensional item in the second state viathe three-dimensional rendering apparatus. In response to a particularuser input, the three-dimensional item can be rendered in the secondstate via the three-dimensional rendering apparatus. Thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus can be configured as a kiosk(manned or unmanned), Internet-enabled vending machine, and the like.The first state can comprise a virtual state and the second state cancomprise a physical state. Likewise, the first state can comprise aphysical state and the second state can comprise a virtual state.Additionally, the three-dimensional item/object can be mapped in thefirst state for rendering in the second state.

Thus, a device/system and methodology are disclosed that allows aconsumer to easily purchase affordable three-dimensional items remotely(e.g., via a wireless device) or directly and collect such items from athree-dimensional rendering apparatus such as, for example, a vendingmachine, unmanned kiosk, terminal, etc., where the item is produced upondemand. Such an approach minimizes the cost of warehousing productinventory and can be placed in a variety of locations, and additionally,can dispense in any direction (e.g., state-to-state) while also capableof integrating with any existing system. The disclosed embodiments aremodular in nature and capable of operating within the context of aquick-service environment.

The product/item can be returned to the three-dimensional renderingapparatus, where the product (i.e., product's material) is melted andthen recycled for future use. Alternatively, an object of a particularsize may be scanned three-dimensionally at any location, sent via theinternet remotely/wirelessly, fabricated via the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus (i.e., vending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal) andcollected at that particular three-dimensional rendering apparatus.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The accompanying figures, in which like reference numerals refer toidentical or functionally-similar elements throughout the separate viewsand which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification,further illustrate the embodiments and, together with the detaileddescription, serve to explain the embodiments disclosed herein.

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a system for rendering athree-dimensional item via a three-dimensional rendering apparatus inaccordance with a preferred embodiment;

FIG. 2 illustrates a pictorial diagram of the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus depicted in FIG. 1, in accordance with a preferredembodiment;

FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of a system that utilizes thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus to bridge the gap between thephysical world and the virtual world, in accordance with an alternativeembodiment;

FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a system for producingcomputer-aided design files for use in producing the dispensed productdepicted in FIG. 1, in accordance with an alternative embodiment;

FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view of a computer system in which thepresent invention may be embodied;

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic view of a software system including anoperating system, application software, and a user interface forcarrying out the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates a graphical representation of a network of dataprocessing systems in which aspects of the present invention may beimplemented;

FIG. 8 illustrates a high-level flow chart of operations depictinglogical operational steps of a method for rendering a three-dimensionalitem, in accordance with a preferred embodiment;

FIG. 9 illustrates another high-level flow chart of operations depictinglogical operational steps of a method for rendering a three-dimensionalitem, in accordance with a preferred embodiment; and

FIG. 10 illustrates another high-level flow chart of operationsdepicting logical operational steps of a method for rendering athree-dimensional item, in accordance with a preferred embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The particular values and configurations discussed in these non-limitingexamples can be varied and are cited merely to illustrate at least oneembodiment and are not intended to limit the scope thereof.

Disclosed herein is a device/system and methodology that allows aconsumer to easily purchase affordable three-dimensional items remotely(e.g., via a wireless device) or directly and collect such items from athree-dimensional rendering apparatus such as, for example, a vendingmachine, unmanned kiosk, terminal, etc., where the item is produced upondemand. Such an approach minimizes the cost of warehousing productinventory and can be placed in a variety of locations, and additionally,can dispense in any direction while also capable of integrating with anyexisting system. The disclosed embodiments are modular in nature andcapable of operating within the context of a quick-service environment.

The product/item can be returned to the three-dimensional renderingapparatus, where the product (e.g., product's material) is melted andthen recycled for future use. Alternatively, an object of a particularsize may be scanned three-dimensionally at any location, sent via theinternet remotely/wirelessly to a particular three-dimensional renderingapparatus, fabricated via the three-dimensional rendering apparatus(e.g. vending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal) and collected at thatparticular three-dimensional rendering apparatus.

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a system 100 for rendering athree-dimensional item via a three-dimensional rendering apparatus 102in accordance with a preferred embodiment. System 100 can be configuredto include a control server 110 that communicates with a storage unit112 (e.g., memory. database, etc.). System 100 can include the use ofone or more wireless hand held devices, such as hand held device 106,which may communicate with control server 110 through a network 116(e.g., the Internet, cellular network, GSM, CDMA, HSPDA, WiFi, WiMAX,LAN, 3G, 4G, Bluetooth, etc.) to locate and use a three-dimensionalrendering apparatus.

System 100 provides the ability to make a remote purchase transaction ofan object via the purchasing of a product data model file 115 of anobject from a mobile entity such as, for example, a wireless handhelddevice 106. Note that the computer-aided design file is capable of beingexported into a file 115 (see FIG. 4), such as an Initial GraphicExchange Specification (IGES), Standard for the Exchange of ProductModel Data (STEP) file, or other equivalent product data model file. Thewireless handheld device 106 may be, for example, a cellular telephoneor other mobile communication device, such as a laptop computer, a PDA,Smartphone, Blackberry device, iPhone™, etc. It should also beunderstood that although a handheld device is specified in this part ofthe description, some applications can include the use of a desktopcomputer to carry out features of the invention. The cost of theon-the-spot manufacturing, materials, automatic identification method,A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip (i.e. RFID tag) may be added to the cost ofthe dispensed three-dimensional product 104. A consumer can, forexample, make one payment for both the dispensed product 104, uploadedproduct data model file 115 and the item 104 manufactured by thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102.

The 3D specification drawings can be produced utilizing any number ofthree-dimensional modeling and rendering applications. For example, U.S.Pat. No. 7,300,619, which issued to Napadensky, et al. on Nov. 27, 2007,relates to compositions and methods for use in three-dimensional modelprinting. U.S. Pat. No. 7,300,619 is herein incorporated by reference inits entirety. Another three-dimensional application that can be utilizedin the modeling and rendering of product data model file(s) 115 isdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,300,613, which issued to Sano, et al. onNov. 27, 2007, which describes a process for producing athree-dimensional model in a short period of time and at low cost, thethree-dimensional model having excellent coloration and strength, highsurface gloss and transparency, and a colored appearance, and also toprovide production equipment used for this process. U.S. Pat. No.7,300,613 is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Another approach that can be utilized to create the product data modelfile 115 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,369,915, which issued toKritchman, et al. on May 6, 2008 and relates to a device, system andmethod for accurate printing of three-dimensional objects. U.S. Pat. No.7,369,915, which is, incorporated by reference in its entirety, relatesto the field of rapid prototyping (RP), and more particularly to methodsof achieving high accuracy of dimensions and high quality inthree-dimensional (3D) printing. Another technique which can be utilizedto produce the product data model file 115 in association with thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.7,332,537, which issued to Bredt, et al. on Feb. 19, 2008, and relatesto a three dimensional printing material system and method.

Customer data associated with a user of system 100 can be held securelyin a database, such as storage unit 112. Such database can be associatedwith the payment gateway and is not transmitted over theInternet/network 116 or held in the mobile terminal 106. A micropaymentaccount opened at a bank can be synchronized continuously with thepayment gateway. To provide payment of fees for content, a reservationof a certain amount is made in the payment account via the paymentgateway and is authorized by the user to the provider allowing theprovider to debit amounts against the reservation. Actual charges can betransmitted from the provider to the payment gateway and allocatedagainst the reservation debiting the amounts from the micropaymentaccount, crediting the provider and canceling the reserved amount.

System 100 thus provides a user with the ability to choose from a wideselection of products from a mobile entity such as, for example, thewireless handheld device 106. In situations where mobility is notrequired, a user may make such a selection using a device such as adesktop computer (e.g., see computer 714 in FIG. 7). Note that a controlserver 110 can transmit identifying information (e.g., code/specialidentification tag) to a customer (e.g., after productreservation/purchasing). The identifying information is then fed to thevending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal 102 manually or from a mobileentity such as wireless hand held device 106 (e.g., accessing aproximity service, comprising: a client device forming a directpoint-to-point communication link with a service device) (e.g., vendingmachine/unmanned kiosk/terminal 102). Note that the vendingmachine/unmanned kiosk/terminal 102 can download (e.g., informationretrieval) from a server (e.g., control server 110), an Initial GraphicExchange Specification (IGES)/Standard for the Exchange of Product ModelData (STEP) file or equivalent product data model file 115 via aninternet connection and/or network 116.

Once the product 104 is returned to the vending machine/unmannedkiosk/terminal 102, a reward (i.e. money) can be credited to any partywhose device has been used in the successful transfer of the object tothe vending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal 102 on behalf of theconsumer/first party (i.e., owner of the vending machine/unmannedkiosk/terminal 102). Alternatively, a customer/manufacturer may transferto the central server 110 computer-aided design files 114 created by ascanner (as shown in FIG. 4).

Inherent with system 100 is a method for rendering product 104 via thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 as illustrated blocks 1-7. Asindicated at block 1, a user can utilize the mobile device 106 to choosefrom a selection of products from the central server 110 and thenpurchase such a product. Thereafter, as depicted at block 2, aconfirmation code can be provided from the control server 110 back tothe mobile device 106. Next, as illustrated at block 3, a confirmationcode can be entered to the vending machine 102 via the mobile device 106or directly at a user interface located on the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus 102. Next, as illustrated at block 4, the InitialGraphic Exchange Specification (IGES)/Standard for the Exchange ofProduct Model Data (STEP) file, or equivalent product data model file115 of the product 104 can be downloaded to the vending machine 102.Thereafter, as described at block 5, a particular amount of time can beallotted for manufacturing the product 104 via the vending machine 102.Next, as indicated at block 6, the product 104 can be dispensed via thevending machine 102. Finally, and optionally, as indicated at block 7,the dispensed item/product 104 can be returned to the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus 102 (i.e., vending machine).

The system 100 and associated method depicted in FIG. 1 can beimplemented utilizing any number of mini-manufacturing, rapid-prototypeand/or stereo-lithographic approaches. For example, one type of astereo-lithographic approach that can be utilized in association withthe three-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 is disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 7,318,718 entitled “Stereolithographic Apparatus and Method forManufacturing Three-Dimensional Object”, which issued to Takakuni Uenoon Jan. 15, 2008. U.S. Pat. No. 7,318,718 is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. Examples of rapid-protyping applications thatcan be utilized in association with the three-dimensional renderingapparatus 102 are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,383,768, entitled “RapidPrototyping and Filling Commercial Pipeline”, which issued to Reichwein,et al., on Jun. 10, 2008. U.S. Pat. No. 7,383,768, which is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety, describes a means to rapidlydevelop and modify prototype surface coverings for customer review andapproval and fill the commercial pipeline while more conventionalproduction equipment is obtained, installed and tested. U.S. Pat. No.7,383,768 additionally describes a rapid prototype approach that fillsthe commercial pipeline and includes a digital printing system to printa film and a press for laminating and embossing the printed film to asubstrate. The press uses an embossing plate or roll, which is made fromebonite or by three-dimensional printing equipment. It can beappreciated that such approaches are referenced herein for illustrativepurposes only and are not limiting factors of the disclosed renderingapparatus 102. Instead, those skilled in the art can appreciate that anumber of other mini-manufacturing, rapid-prototype and/orstereo-lithographic approaches can be adapted for use with the renderingapparatus 102.

System 100 provides the ability to manufacture a limited number ofproducts of a specific size in a very short period of time (e.g., withinminutes). The product 104 can be rendered via the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus 102 from, for example, a thermoplastic polymer, oranother suitable material. System 100 can be equipped to provide amoderate degree of quality assurance and reliability with a reducednumber of manual and time consuming production steps and operations.Additionally, system 100 can incorporate the programming of an automaticidentification method, A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip (e.g., RFID tag). Suchan automatic identification method, A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip (e.g.RFID tag) can be embedded into all parts of the product 104. The product104 can be made of a hard, rigid material (e.g., with limited moveableparts). Components (when necessary) are few and should be assembledafter being dispensed—employing a method of “snapping the partstogether”.

Various types of manufacturing technologies and/or base materials can beemployed with respect to rendering/manufacturing the product 104 via thevending machine 102. For example, vending machine 102 can utilizeadditive technologies, the main difference found in the manner in whichlayers are built to create parts for product 104. Possible prototypingtechnologies that vending machine 102 can employ, include, for example,selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM),stereo-lithography (SLA), laminated object manufacturing, and so forth.Vending machine 102 may thus melt or soften material to produceparticular layers (e.g., SLS, FDM), whereas other processing steps mayinvolve laying liquid material thermosets that are cured with differenttechnologies. In the case of lamination systems, for example, thinlayers can be cut to shape and then joined together. Examples of basematerials that the vending machine/three-dimensional rendering apparatus102 can utilize include, for example, thermoplastics, metal powders,eutectic metals, photopolymer, and paper, to name a few.

FIG. 2 illustrates a pictorial diagram of the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus 102 depicted in FIG. 1, in accordance with apreferred embodiment. Note that in FIGS. 1-2, identical or similar partsor elements are generally indicated by identical reference numerals. Thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 (e.g., vendingmachine/unmanned kiosk/terminal) can function as an automatic retailingapparatus. In this context, the vending machine 102 can operate as aportable, stand alone, unmanned, automatic manufacturing and retaildispensing pod. Vending machine 102 can also include a material storagearea 122, which is configured to store manufacturing base materials(e.g., thermoplastic polymer) and in some embodiments, store anautomatic identification method, A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip (e.g., RFIDtag). The vending machine 102 preferably does not take or hold physicalmoney, but does receive, transmit and store data. Although it should beappreciated that various payment mechanisms can be included with thethree-dimensional vending machine 102, (e.g., cash, credit card,debit-ATM card acceptance hardware and electronics).

Vending machine 102 can also be equipped with a portal or view window117 for viewing the product in production and also an area 120 formanufacturing the product 104. The manufacturing area 120 includesbuilding form(s), programming and embedding A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip(e.g., RFID tag). Vending machine 102 can also be configured to includea display area 113 for communicating text and/or graphic-basedinformation that pertains to the operation of vending machine 102. Theproduct 104, as depicted in FIG. 1, can be dispensed via productdispensing area 118 of the vending machine 102. As it pertains to itsrecycling scenario, vending machine 102 can also be equipped with a(alternate) product return area 124, which can be provided in vendingmachine 102 for returning product 104 and verifying its recyclingcompatibility to the automatic identification method,A.I.M./Reconfigurable chip (e.g., RFID tag).

Note that as utilized herein, the acronym RFD refers generally toRadio-frequency identification, which is an automatic identificationmethod that relies on and stores and remotely retrieves data utilizingcomponents called RFID tags or transponders. An RFID tag is an objectthat can be applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or personfor the purpose of identification using radio waves. Some tags can beread from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of thereader. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integratedcircuit for storing and processing information, modulating anddemodulating a (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The secondis an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. Chipless RFIDallows for discrete identification of tags without an integratedcircuit, thereby allowing tags to be printed directly onto assets at alower cost than traditional tags.

The material utilized to make the product 104 such as, for example,thermoplastic polymer, can be recycled (e.g., re-melted and re-molded)by the device/machine 102 for future use. Vending machine 102,therefore, possesses the ability to identify the returned product asbeing of an appropriate material, (i.e., “automatic identificationmethod” (e.g., an RFID tag)). The vending machine 102 can separate thematerial from the “automatic identification method” (e.g., RFID tag) andthe material can be then re-melted and stored by the vending machine 102for future use. A reward/refund (e.g., money or credit) can be creditedto any party whose product has been returned for successful re-meltingand storing to vending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal 102 on behalf ofthe consumer/first party (e.g., owner of vending machine/unmannedkiosk/terminal 102).

The three-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 can, in some environments,be implemented as a pedestrian product vending machine, such as anunmanned kiosk or terminal. Such a pedestrian product vending machinecan utilize rapid-prototyping techniques with mechanical, thermal,durable and low cost properties. The pedestrian product vending machinecan be uploaded with the 3D product manufacturing specifications ofproducts that a consumer has purchased from a wireless device (i.e.mobile phone), such as mobile device 106 as depicted in FIG. 1. Thevending machine 102 can in turn manufacture the product 104 with arecyclable material. Once the consumer has finished using the product(e.g., within 24 hours), it is returned to the same or similar vendingmachine at a different location for recycling (melting) where a refundis accrued to the consumers online credit/money account. Environmentcontrol portal 126 can be provided to regulate the operating environment(e.g., temperature and emissions) from the three-dimensional vendingapparatus 102 during manufacture and recycling of objects.

FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of a system 300 that utilizes thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 to bridge the gap between thephysical world and the virtual world, in accordance with an alternativeembodiment. Note that in FIGS. 1-3, identical or similar parts orelements are indicated by identical reference numerals. In system 300,the mobile device 106 can communicate with the vending machine 102 via anetwork 116 (e.g., the Internet). Mobile device 106 can also access avirtual environment 304 via network 116. Examples of virtual environment304 include, but are limited to, a social networking site 306, a gamingsite 308, a virtual world shown as “Second Life” site 310, and so forth.As indicated previously, examples of mobile device 106 include cellulartelephones, wireless Personal Digital Assistants (PDA's), so-calledSmartPhones, laptop computers, and so forth. It can be appreciated, ofcourse, that non-wireless devices (e.g., desktop computers) may also beutilized in addition to or in place of mobile device 106. For example,any computer connected to the Internet/network 116 may be utilized forachieving rendering of a three-dimensional object via thethree-dimensional rendering device 102. Physical-to-virtual renderingcan include utilization of a scanner, as will be described in FIG. 4, tocapture the three-dimensional aspects of an object for upload and use inthe virtual world (e.g., for trading, display, and re-rendering intophysical like physical objects at remote locations). Virtual-to-physicalrendering can include the conversion of a three-dimensional virtualobject into a three-dimensional physical object.

In the scenario illustrated in FIG. 3, the rendering apparatus 102 canfunction as a virtual-to-physical asset and/or merchandising machine,which includes the use of a custom skin for a reconfigurable chip.RFID-tagged physical objects can be created, by the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus 102 (e.g., vending machine/unmanned kiosk/terminal,etc.) and configured to represent a certain state or ownership of a itemin virtual worlds 304, such as the social network site 306, gaming site308, “Second Life” site 310, and so on. The physical object thus becomesa one-to-one transferable good for in-game items. Such an approachallows players in gaming environments, for example, to trade items inthe real world as though they had traded them online. This type ofapproach also increases collectability by limiting access to producecertain models to those that own that modeled object in the virtualspace.

Examples of various virtual environments that can be utilized toimplement virtual environment 304 are disclosed in U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. US2008/0201321A1 entitled “Apparatuses,Methods and Systems for Information Querying and Serving in a VirtualWorld Based on Profiles” dated Aug. 21, 2008 by Fitzpatrick et al.,which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Thedisclosure of U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2008/0201321A1details the implementation of apparatuses, methods, and systems forinformation querying and serving in a virtual world based on profilesthat can include the use of personalized avatars to communicate andengage in trade. Such virtual worlds may include, for example, massivemultiplayer online games like The Sims Online, Everquest, World ofWarcraft, Second Life, and/or the like. Information and/or advertisementproviders may use a code triggered information server to serve context,demographic, and behavior targeted information to users in a virtualworld. Users, in turn, trigger the provision of information by scanningor observing codes or information, or by making decisions within avirtual world such as attempting a mission within a game.

In U.S. Patent Application Publication No. U.S. Patent ApplicationPublication No. US2008/0201321A1, the triggers, together with virtualworld geographic, temporal, and user-specific information, are obtainedby the server that receives, processes, and records the message. Basedon these messages, and a user profile—which may include continuouslyupdated user-specific, behavior information, situational and ambientinformation, an accumulated history of triggers and integration withoutside database information—the server selects information to serve tothe user in a virtual world from an information base. Aspects disclosedin U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US2008/0201321A1 can be usedto implement, for example, social networking site 306, gaming site 308,the “Second Life” site 310, and so forth.

The so-called “Second Life” virtual environment, for example, (alsoabbreviated as “SL”) is an Internet-based virtual world video gamedeveloped by Linden Research, Inc. (commonly referred to as Linden Lab),which came to international attention via mainstream news media in late2006 and early 2007. A free downloadable client program called theSecond Life Viewer enables its users, called “Residents”, to interactwith each other through motional avatars, providing an advanced level ofa social network service combined with general aspects of a metaverse.In this virtual environment, Residents can explore, meet otherResidents, socialize, participate in individual and group activities,and create and trade items (virtual property) and services with oneanother. Thus, in the context of the disclosed embodiments, a Residentof an SL world can order an item virtually available in the SL world andthen have that item physically rendered as a three-dimensional (real)object via a vending machine such as the three-dimensional renderingapparatus 102 disclosed herein.

Another example of a virtual world that can be utilized to implementvirtual environment 304 is disclosed in U.S. Patent ApplicationPublication No. US2006/0178966A1 entitled “Virtual World PropertyDisposition After Virtual World Occurrence” by inventors Jung, et al.,which published on Aug. 10, 2006. U.S. Patent Application PublicationNo. US2006/0178966A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety, discloses a method and system that provides transactions andarrangements in virtual world environments. In such a virtual world, auser can participate in transactions to acquire virtual property andrelated virtual rights. In some implementations of U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. US2006/0178966A1, real-world and virtualparties can be involved in possible transfers of various types ofvirtual property and virtual property rights.

By producing the manufactured object 104 in 3D, the disclosed systems100 and/or 300, for example, are also capable of tying the object 104 into, for example, the model/figurine market (e.g., as seen in Japan)which is quite large and is growing in the US. Each object becomes arecognizable token of in-game status as well as an authentic currencyfor online negotiation. Ownership of a virtual object, such as a uniqueweapon or armor item in game, becomes increasingly attractive (valuable)because of the capability to own such an object physically as well. Thetwo desires strengthen each other. The physical items themselves canalso be distributed as promotional materials or by other entitieswishing to give access to online resources in a physical form. Theseobjects then become a transferable token of online status and as suchstrengthen the consumer experience.

Another example of how system 300 can operate involves the renting of anautomobile. A customer has to rent a car (RaC). That customer goes to aRaC website. Previously, the customer has applied for (online) andreceived a membership/identification card and ID#, pays for the car andis given instructions on where to pick up the car. The customer thenarrives at the car pickup location and goes to a vending machine suchas, for example, vending machine 102. At the vending machine 102, thecustomer scans his or her membership/identification card, enters his orher ID# and is then given a physical key device embedded with a chip.The chip allows access to a car lot and a vehicle. The physical key(e.g., a custom skin) is an object that provides physical/hapticrecognition of the activity. Once the car is returned, the key is thenplaced back into the vending machine and the customer is given a refund.The material of the skin is separated from chip, melted and reused forthe next customer by the vending machine 102. In a car rental scenario,physical damage cannot be determined; however, fuel levels when avehicle is rented and returned can be recorded on the physical key RFIDusing known RFID communications and recording capabilities where thevehicle and fuel gage are monitored and status is communicated to thekey-based RFID. Fuel levels can then be utilized for billing purposes.

FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of a system 400 for producingcomputer-aided design files 114 that can then be exported into a file115 such as, for example, an Initial Graphic Exchange Specification(IGES)/Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) file (orequivalent product data model file), for use in producing the product104. Note that in FIGS. 1-4, identical or similar parts or elements aregenerally indicated by identical reference numerals. System 400generally includes two general aspects 402 and 404, which can beimplemented in lieu of one another or in association with one another.Aspect 402 of system 400 includes the use of a scanner 401 to scan athree-dimensional object and produce computer-aided design file 114 ofthat three-dimensional object. Such computer-aided design file(s) 114that then are exported into an Initial Graphic Exchange Specification(IGES)/Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) file orequivalent product data model file 115 to be finally utilized in therendering of product 104, as depicted in. FIGS. 1-3. An exporting datafunction 405 allows the data from the scanner 401 to be exported to thecomputer-aided design file 114. Thereafter, another data export function400 (which may be the same export data function as that of function 405or a different function altogether) can export the computer aided designfile 114 to the IGES or STL data format 115 or another appropriate dataformat.

Aspect 404 of system 400 can also include the use of graphite and/or penand ink drawing (and/or any analogue rendering material) 403 to bemanually transposed 407 into a computer-aided design file 114 to createa three-dimensional object. Such computer-aided design files 114 canthen be exported into a file format 115 such as, for example, an InitialGraphic Exchange Specification (IGES)/Standard for the Exchange ofProduct Model Data (STEP) file (or equivalent product data model file),to be finally utilized in the rendering of product 104, as depicted inFIGS. 1-3. Scanner 401 can be utilized to capture the three-dimensionalaspects of an object for upload and use in the virtual world (e.g., fortrading, display, and re-rendering into physical like physical objectsat remote locations). This can be referred to as physical-to-virtualobject rendering. Virtual-to-physical rendering can later take place,which can include the conversion of a three-dimensional virtual objectinto a three-dimensional physical object.

One example of a scanner or scanning approach that can be utilized toimplement the scanner 401 of aspect 402 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.7,324,132 entitled “Imaging Three-Dimensional Objects,” which issued toSaid et al, on Jan. 29, 2006. U.S. Pat. No. 7,324,132, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety, discloses imagingsystems and method, including in one aspect, an imaging system thatincludes a light source that is operable to generate a beam of lightdirected along a beam path and an optical element that is operable torotate about a rotational axis. The optical element has two or moreoptical faces that are position-able to intersect the beam path overrespective non-overlapping ranges of rotational positions of the opticalelement. Two or more different optical faces are operable to scan thebeam of light in different respective scan planes during rotation of theoptical element. In an imaging method of U.S. Pat. No. 7,324,132, a beamof light can be directed along a beam path. The beam path can beconsecutively intersected with two or more different optical faces toscan the light beam in different respective scan planes.

It can be appreciated that the scanning approaches disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 7,324,132 represent just a few examples of a scanningtechnique/system that can he utilized to implement scanner 401 in orderderive a computer-aided design file 114. Other types of scanners, both3D and 2D, can also be used for scanning purposes with respect toscanner 401. For example, a two-dimensional scanner can be utilized toimplement scanner 401. Two-dimensional data associated with the scannedobject can then be extrapolated to three dimensions in order to createthe computer-aided design file 114.

FIGS. 5-7 are disclosed herein as exemplary diagrams of data processingenvironments in which embodiments of the present invention may beimplemented. It should be appreciated that FIGS. 5-7 are only exemplaryand are not intended to assert or imply any limitation with regard tothe environments in which aspects or embodiments of the presentinvention may be implemented. Many modifications to the depictedenvironments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe present invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates that the present invention may be embodied in thecontext of a data-processing apparatus 500 comprising a centralprocessor 501, a main memory 502, an input/output controller 503, akeyboard 504, a pointing device 505 (e.g., mouse, track ball, pendevice, or the like), a display device 506, and a mass storage 507(e.g., hard disk). Additional input/output devices, such as a printingdevice 508, may be included in the data-processing apparatus 500 asdesired. As illustrated, the various components of the data-processingapparatus 500 communicate through a system bus 510 or similararchitecture. Data-processing apparatus 500 may communicate with anetwork such as, for example, the Internet 116 in order to render athree-dimensional object such as item 104 via the three-dimensionalrendering device 102. Note that the communication with the Internet 116or another network may occur wirelessly or via a landline or both.

FIG. 6 illustrates a computer software system 550 which is provided fordirecting the operation of the data-processing apparatus 500. Softwaresystem 550, which is stored in system memory 502 and on disk memory 507,can include a kernel or operating system 551 and a shell or interface553. One or more application programs, such as application software 552,may be “loaded” (e.g., transferred from storage 507 into memory 502) forexecution by the data-processing apparatus 500. The data-processingapparatus 500 receives user commands and data through user interface553; these inputs may then be acted upon by the data-processingapparatus 500 in accordance with instructions from operating module 551and/or application module 552.

The interface 553, which is preferably a graphical user interface (GUI),also serves to display results, whereupon the user may supply additionalinputs or terminate the session. In an embodiment, operating system 551and interface 553 can be implemented in the context of a “Windows”system. Application module 552, on the other hand, can includeinstructions, such as the various operations described herein withrespect to the various components and modules described herein such as,for example, the method 800 depicted in FIG. 8.

FIG. 7 illustrates a graphical representation of a network of dataprocessing systems in which aspects of the present invention may beimplemented. Network data processing system 700 is a network ofcomputers in which embodiments of the present invention may beimplemented. Network data processing system 700 contains network 702,which is the medium used to provide communications links between variousdevices and computers connected together within network data processingapparatus 500. Network 702 may include connections, such as wire,wireless communication, links, or fiber optic cables.

In the depicted example, server 704 and server 706 connect to network702 along with storage unit 708. In addition, clients 710, 712, and 714connect to network 702. Note that network 702 depicted in FIG. 7 isanalogous to network 116. Client 710 may be, for example, a cellularcommunications device such as a cell phone, PDA, Smartphone, etc. Client712 may be, for example, a laptop computer or other mobile computingdevice capable of communicating wirelessly (or non-wirelessly/landline)with network 702. In the case of a non-wireless connection, client 712is capable of communicating with network 702 via an Ethernet connection.Client 714 may be, for example, a computer workstation that communicateswirelessly and/or non-wirelessly with network 702. Similarly, storageunit 708 is analogous to storage unit 112 depicted in FIG. 1.

Thus, the clients 710, 712, and 714 illustrated in FIG. 7 may be, forexample, personal computers or network computers. Clients 710, 712,and/or 714 may also be hand held wireless devices such as, for example,wireless hand held device 106 depicted in FIG. 1. One or more of clients710, 712, and/or 714 may also be, for example, a three-dimensionalrendering apparatus, such as, for example, the kiosk/vending machine102. Additionally, the data-processing apparatus 500 depicted in FIG. 5can be, for example, a client such as client 710, 712, and/or 714.Alternatively, data-processing apparatus 500 can be implemented as aserver, such as servers 704 and/or 706, depending upon designconsiderations. One or more servers 704 and/or 706 may function as, forexample, the control server 110.

In the depicted example, server 704 may provide data, such as bootfiles, operating system images, and applications to clients 710, 712,and 714. Clients 710, 712, and 714 are clients, to server 704 in thisexample. Network data processing system 700 may include additionalservers, clients, and other devices not shown. Specifically, clients mayconnect to any member of a network of servers which provide equivalentcontent.

In the depicted example, network data processing system 700 is theInternet with network 702 representing a worldwide collection ofnetworks and gateways that use the Transmission ControlProtocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite of protocols to communicatewith one another. At the heart of the Internet is a backbone ofhigh-speed data communication lines between major nodes or hostcomputers, consisting of thousands of commercial, government,educational and other computer systems that route data and messages. Ofcourse, network data processing system 700 also may be implemented as anumber of different types of networks such as, for example, an intranet,a local area network (LAN), or a wide area network (WAN). FIG. 7 isintended as an example and not as an architectural limitation fordifferent embodiments of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the contextof a data-processing system such as, for example, data-processingapparatus 500, computer software system 550, data processing system 700and network 702 depicted respectively in FIGS. 5-7. The presentinvention, however, is not limited to any particular application or anyparticular environment. Instead, those skilled in the art will find thatthe system and methods of the present invention may be advantageouslyapplied to a variety of system and application software, includingdatabase management systems, word processors, and the like. Moreover,the present invention may be embodied on a variety of differentplatforms, including Macintosh, UNIX, LINUX, and the like. Therefore,the description of the exemplary embodiments, which follows, is forpurposes of illustration and not considered a limitation.

FIG. 8 illustrates a high-level flow chart of operations depictinglogical operational steps of a method 800 for rendering thethree-dimensional item 104 via the three-dimensional rendering device102, in accordance with a preferred embodiment. Note that in FIGS. 1-10,identical or similar parts or elements are generally indicated byidentical reference numerals. Note that the method 800 can beimplemented in the context of a computer-usable medium containing aprogram product.

Programs defining functions on the present invention can be delivered toa data storage system or a computer system via a variety ofsignal-bearing media, which include, without limitation, non-writablestorage media (e.g., CD-ROM), writable storage media (e.g., hard diskdrive, read/write CD ROM, optical media), system memory such, as, butnot limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), and communication media,such as computer and telephone networks including Ethernet, theInternet, wireless networks, and like network systems. It should beunderstood, therefore, that such signal-bearing media when carrying orencoding computer readable instructions that direct method functions inthe present invention, represent alternative embodiments of the presentinvention. Further, it is understood that the present invention may beimplemented by a system having means in the form of hardware, software,or a combination of software and hardware as described herein or theirequivalent. Thus, the method 800 described herein can be deployed asprocess software in the context of a computer system or data-processingsystem as that depicted in, for example, FIGS. 5, 6, and/or 7.

The process generally begins, as indicated at block 802. Next, asillustrated at block 804, a three-dimensional item in a first state canbe selected for subsequent rendering into a second state. The operationdepicted at block 804 can be similar to the operation depicted in block1 in FIGS. 1-4, wherein one can choose from a selection of products fromthe central server 110, and the product(s) is selected. The operationdepicted at block 804 can also include three-dimensional scanning of athree-dimensional object for upload into a server and use in the virtualworld. Next, as described at block 806, the three-dimensional item canbe rendered in the second state via the three-dimensional renderingapparatus 102. The second state can include rendering of a virtualobject into a physical object (e.g., manufacturing) as well as therendering of a physical object into a virtual object (e.g., scanning).For example, as indicated in FIG. 1, the vending machine/renderingapparatus 102 can render the item selected via the wireless hand helddevice 106 as item 104. The vending machine 102 renders the item 104based on an Initial Graphic Exchange Specification (IGES)/Standard forthe Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) file or equivalent productdata model file 115, which is derived from the computer-aided designfile/s 114. Following processing of the operation depicted at block 806,the process can then terminate, as indicated at block 810

FIG. 9 illustrates a high-level flow chart of operations depictinglogical operational steps of a method 900 for rendering thethree-dimensional item 104 via the three-dimensional rendering device102. The process generally begins, as indicated at block 902. Next, asillustrated at block 904, a three-dimensional item in a first state canbe selected for subsequent rendering into a second state. Then, asindicated at block 906, a three-dimensional rendering apparatus such asapparatus 102 of FIGS. 1-4 can be located, wherein apparatus 102 iscapable of rendering the three-dimensional item in a second state.Thereafter, as illustrated at block 908, the three-dimensional item canbe rendered in the second state via the three-dimensional renderingapparatus 102. Following processing of the operation depicted at block908, the process can then terminate, as indicated at block 910.

FIG. 10 illustrates a high-level flow chart of operations depictinglogical operational steps of a method 1000 for rendering thethree-dimensional item 104 via the three-dimensional rendering device102. The process generally begins, as indicated at block 1002. Next, asillustrated at block 1004, a three-dimensional item in a first state canbe selected for subsequent rendering into a second state. Then, asindicated at block 1006, a three-dimensional rendering apparatus such asapparatus 102 of FIGS. 1-4 can be located based on at least one oflocation, capabilities and operational status, wherein apparatus 102 iscapable of rendering the three-dimensional item in a second state.Thereafter, as illustrated at block 1008, the three-dimensional item canbe rendered in the second state via the three-dimensional renderingapparatus 102. Following processing of the operation depicted at block908, the process can then terminate, as indicated at block 1010. Awireless handheld device with cellular communications network access canbe used to locate a three-dimensional rendering apparatus based on atleast one of capabilities, operational status, and location. Location ofthe three-dimensional rendering apparatus can be based on location ofsaid wireless handheld device. Location of the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus can be based the location of the three-dimensionalrendering apparatus and/or the location of the wireless handheld device.Location of the three-dimensional rendering apparatus can also be basedon location of said wireless handheld device based on the wirelesshandheld device's GPS position relative to said three-dimensionalrendering apparatus. Global positioning system (GPS) technology can beincluded in handheld devices as well as three-dimensional renderingdevices along with data network communications hardware.

Based on the foregoing it can be appreciated that an apparatus 102 andassociated systems and methods are disclosed. A three-dimensional itemcan be selected in a first state for subsequent rendering into a secondstate. The selection can occur, for example, utilizing a mobile devicesuch as mobile device 106. The selection can be made via the controlserver 110. The three-dimensional rendering apparatus 102 can be locatedfor rendering the three-dimensional item in a second state. Thethree-dimensional item can then be rendered in the second state via thethree-dimensional rendering apparatus 102. For example, product 104 mayconstitute the second state and the three-dimensional technical drawingsmay constitute the first state. The opposite can also hold true. Thatis, the first state of the three-dimensional item 104 may actually be aphysical state and it is desired to render into a virtual state for usein a virtual environment such as, for example, “Second Life”. In such ascenario, a user can scan the physical three-dimensional item to derivethe computer-aided design file(s) 114, which are then exported into anappropriate format for use in the virtual environment.

One example wherein the embodiments depicted in FIGS. 1-10 may beparticularly advantageous is in the country of Japan, although thedisclosed embodiments are advantageous for implementation in any numberof countries (i.e., European, Asian, Latin American, North American,etc.). In Tokyo, however, there currently lies a unique urban conditionunrivalled anywhere on the globe. Tokyo is largely defined by its 12million plus residents who maintain a perpetual state ofdecentralization and a pedestrian lifestyle supported by a hidden veneerof ubiquitous technologies, From the intricate networks of publictransportation to the omnipresent konbini (e.g., convenience store),nothing has brought such ease and organization to Tokyo's transientlifestyle than the mobile phone, otherwise known as the keitai (e.g.,roughly translated as ‘something you carry with you’).

Japan's successful assimilation of communication technology among itsurban centers is bringing critical transnational attention to the‘keitai-enabled social life’ it has created. This keitai-enabled sociallife was initially absorbed into Japan's youth culture and has alsoaffected personal relationships, with additional ramifications due toits presence in public transportation and the home. Mobile communicationdevices have essentially created a full-time intimate community,enveloping them in what has been described as ‘tele-cocooning’. Japan'sunique socio-culture response to the mobile phone has confounded westernmodels of modernization and technology,

Leading the development in wireless communication technology, Japanesetelecom giant, NTT DoCoMo has over the last nine years mobilized themobile multimedia revolution. A division of Nippon Telegraph andTelephone, NTT DoCoMo unleashed its wireless Internet, with the launchof its signature ‘i’ mode service in 1999. NTT DoCoMo then subsequentlyreleased, in 2001, the world's first 3G mobile service. With support formuch higher data rates, these third-generation protocols have opened theway to an ever growing range of services including on-line book-mobiles,television, music, video conferencing, and the ability to use the keitaias a money transfer device. Ultimately, this has enabled higherproficiency for Tokyoites to communicate privately and commute lighter.

As NTT DoCoMo and other wireless telecom's cast their vision to futureincarnations of the keitai, the impact it will have on the design of ourcities has defined a new research initiative by NTT DoCoMo. Teamingtheir Director of Product Department with Japan's leading architects,Kengo Kuma, Jun Aoki and Ryue Nishizawa to assemble a jury panel, thesedesigners selected winning entries to NTT DoCoMo's first sponsoredarchitecture competition. Announced in June 2005, this spatial designcompetition requested submissions proposing new symbiotic visionsbetween the urban environment, its inhabitants and the keitai.

With human behavior at the center of locating this visionary merging,impromptu spatial domains of free Internet exchange are already beingwitnessed. Aside from the extroverted displays of new pedestriantheatrics—a negotiation of simultaneous presence in multiple socialsituations—clues to how the keitai will reorganize our cities may verywell come from expanding the scope of what it means to live as apedestrian—enhanced through new levels of cognitive and sensoryexperience.

Note that the network 116 in some embodiments may be, for example, a 3Gnetwork. The term “3G” as utilized herein refers generally to the thirdgeneration of mobile phone standards and technology, superseding 2.5G,and preceding 4G, 3G is based on the International TelecommunicationUnion (ITU) family of standards under the. International MobileTelecommunications program, IMT-2000. Thus, network 116 may constitute a3G network, which enables network operators to offer users a wider rangeof more advanced services while achieving greater network capacitythrough improved spectral efficiency. 3G services offered by network 116(or for that matter, network 702), include wide-area wireless voicetelephony, video calls, and broadband wireless data, all in a mobileenvironment. Additional features also include HSPA (High Speed PacketAccess) data transmission capabilities able to deliver speeds up to 14.4Mbit/s on the downlink and 5.8 Mbit/s on the uplink. Unlike IEEE 802.11(common names Wi-Fi or WLAN) networks, 3G networks are wide areacellular telephone networks which evolved to incorporate high-speedinternet access and video telephony. IEEE 802.11 networks are shortrange, high-bandwidth networks primarily developed for data. Thus,networks 116, 702 and so forth, as discussed herein, can be implementedas a 3G network.

In other embodiments, networks 116, 702 and the like may be implementedas a 4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an abbreviation forFourth-Generation, which is a term used to describe the next completeevolution in wireless communications. A 4G system will be able toprovide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamedmultimedia can be given to users on an “Anytime, Anywhere” basis, and athigher data rates than previous generations.

As the second generation was a total replacement of the first generationnetworks and handsets; and the third generation was a total replacementof second generation networks and handsets; so too the fourth generationcannot be an incremental evolution of current 3G technologies, butrather the total replacement of the current 3G networks and handsets.The international telecommunications regulatory and standardizationbodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly inthe 2012-2015 time scale. At that point, it is predicted that even withcurrent evolutions of third generation 3G networks, these will tend tobe congested.

There is no formal definition for what 4G is; however, there are certainobjectives that are projected for 4G. These objectives include that 4Gwill be a fully IP-based integrated system. 4G will be capable ofproviding between 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s speeds both indoors andoutdoors, with premium quality and high security.

It will be appreciated that variations of the above-disclosed and otherfeatures and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirablycombined into many other different systems or applications. Also, thatvarious presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives,modifications, variations or improvements therein may be subsequentlymade by those skilled in the art which are also intended to beencompassed by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for rendering a three-dimensionalitem, said apparatus comprising: a vending machine comprising anautomatic retailing apparatus, said vending machine including a housing,said housing including a manufacturing area, a material storage area, acomputer, a user interface, data storage, and wireless data networkcommunications, wherein said housing further includes: athree-dimensional manufacturing system contained in said manufacturingarea for automatically manufacturing a three-dimensional item based on adata file received from a remote client over said wireless data networkcommunications and via a social network application and stored in andretrievable from said data storage, said data file is indicative of saidthree-dimensional item; 3-D printing materials stored in said materialstorage area wherein said 3-D printing materials are accessible by saidthree-dimensional manufacturing system for use by said three-dimensionalmanufacturing system in manufacturing said three-dimensional item insaid manufacturing area, and wherein said materials are automaticallysupplied to said three-dimensional manufacturing system from saidmaterial storage area as needed by said three-dimensional manufacturingsystem; wherein said vending machine is locatable by a wireless devicevia a GPS position of said vending machine as ascertained by saidwireless data network communications.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein said wireless data network communications further comprises aWiFi network or a cellular communications network and wherein saidwireless device comprises a smartphone that communicates with saidcellular communications network and/or said WiFi network and whereinsaid smartphone comprises said remote client.
 3. The apparatus of claim1, further comprising a three-dimensional scanner contained in saidmanufacturing area for scanning three-dimensional items to create saiddata file for storage and subsequent use for rendering three-dimensionalitems scanned by said scanner.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein saidmaterials said material storage area for manufacturing saidthree-dimensional item comprises at least one A.I.M./Reconfigurable Chipthat is capable of being embedded in said three-dimensional item duringmanufacturing of said three-dimensional item in said manufacturing area.5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said materials stored in saidmaterial storage area for manufacturing said three-dimensional itemcomprises at least one RFID tag that is capable of being embedded insaid three-dimensional item during manufacturing of saidthree-dimensional item in said manufacturing area.
 6. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein said materials stored in said material storage area formanufacturing said three-dimensional item comprises at least one of saidfollowing types of materials: a thermoplastic, a metal powder, aeutectic metal, and a photopolymer.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, whereinsaid three-dimensional item is manufacturable in said manufacturing areaby at least one of: selective laser sintering, fused depositionmodeling, stereo-lithography, laminated object manufacturing.
 8. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising a dispensing area fordispensing said three-dimensional item after said three-dimensional itemis manufactured in said manufacturing area, wherein saidthree-dimensional item is dispensed in said dispensing area.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 1, further comprising a payment mechanism, whereinsaid three-dimensional item is rendered in said manufacturing area afterreceiving payment at said payment mechanism.
 10. The apparatus of claim1, wherein control of said three-dimensional manufacturing system forrendering of said three-dimensional item in said manufacturing area isinitiated remotely by a wireless hand held device via said data networkcommunications.
 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising productreturn area for verifying recycling compatibility of items and acceptingreturn of said items.
 12. A system for rendering a three-dimensionalitems, comprising: a vending machine comprising an automatic retailingapparatus, said vending machine including a housing that comprises amanufacturing area, a material storage area, a computer, a userinterface, data storage, and wireless data network communications, saidhousing further including: a three-dimensional scanner contained in saidmanufacturing area for scanning three-dimensional items to create a datafile for storage and subsequent use to render three-dimensional itemsscanned by said three-dimensional scanner; a three-dimensionalmanufacturing system contained in said manufacturing area formanufacturing a three-dimensional item based on data files received froma remote client over said wireless data network communications andstored in and retrievable from said file storage, wherein said data fileis indicative of said three-dimensional item, and wherein said datanetwork including a social network; and 3-D printing materials stored insaid material storage area for access and use by said three-dimensionalmanufacturing system for manufacturing three-dimensional items in saidmanufacturing area, wherein said 3-D printing materials areautomatically supplied to said three-dimensional manufacturing systemfrom said material storage area as needed by said three-dimensionalmanufacturing system, and wherein said vending machine is locatable by awireless device via a GPS position of said vending machine asascertained by said wireless data network communications.
 13. Theapparatus of claim 12, wherein said data file is received from a remoteclient via said wireless data network communications through a wirelesscellular communications network that comprises a cellular communicationsnetwork or a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) or a combinationthereof.
 14. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a datastorage area for storing said data file received through saidcommunications network, said data storage area associated with said datastorage.
 15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein said materials stored insaid material storage area for manufacturing said three-dimensional itemcomprises at least one A.I.M./Reconfigurable Chip that is capable ofbeing embedded in said three-dimensional item during manufacturing ofsaid three-dimensional item in said manufacturing area.
 16. Theapparatus of claim 12, wherein said materials stored in said materialstorage area for manufacturing said three-dimensional item comprises atleast one RFID tag that is capable of being embedded in saidthree-dimensional item during manufacturing of said three-dimensionalitem in said manufacturing area.
 17. The apparatus of claim 12, whereinsaid materials stored in said material storage area for manufacturingsaid three-dimensional item comprises at least one of said followingtypes of materials: a thermoplastic, a metal powder, a eutectic metal,and a photopolymer.
 18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein saidthree-dimensional item is rendered in said manufacturing area with saidthree-dimensional manufacturing system by at least one of: selectivelaser sintering, fused deposition modeling, stereo-lithography,laminated object manufacturing.
 19. A system for rendering athree-dimensional items, comprising: a vending machine comprising anautomatic retailing apparatus, said vending machine including a housingthat comprises a manufacturing area, a material storage area, acomputer, a user interface, data storage, and data networkcommunications, said housing further including: a three-dimensionalmanufacturing system contained in said manufacturing area formanufacturing a three-dimensional item based on data files received froma remote client over said wireless data network communications andstored in and retrievable from said file storage, wherein said data fileis indicative of said three-dimensional item, and wherein said datanetwork including a social network; 3-D printing materials stored insaid material storage area for access and use by said three-dimensionalmanufacturing system for manufacturing three-dimensional items in saidmanufacturing area, wherein said 3-D printing materials areautomatically supplied to said three-dimensional manufacturing systemfrom said material storage area as needed by said three-dimensionalmanufacturing system; and a product return area for verifying andaccepting returned of three-dimensional manufactured items, whereinverification is via at least one of a RFID or a A.I.M./ReconfigurableChip embedded in said items three-dimensional manufactured; wherein saidvending machine is locatable by a wireless device via a GPS position ofsaid vending machine as ascertained by said wireless data networkcommunications, wherein said wireless cellular communications networkcomprises a cellular communications network or a WLAN (Wireless LocalArea Network) or a combination thereof.
 20. The apparatus of claim 19,further comprising a three-dimensional scanner contained in saidmanufacturing area for scanning three-dimensional items to create a datafile for storage and subsequent use to render three-dimensional itemsscanned by said three-dimensional scanner.